Nouvelles sur le tabagisme de Stop-tabac.ch Préparées par Jean-François Etter Le 06 Novembre 2007

Allemagne - jeunes - alcool

L'AFP fait état d'un rapport gouvernemental qui indique que les adolescents Allemands boivent de plus en plus, avec une augmentation de 50% en cinq ans du nombre d'intoxications provoquées par l'alcool chez les 15-19 ans. Sabine Bätzing, chargée des questions de drogue au gouvernement, juge que cette consommation est un problème alarmant et elle appelle aussi les adultes à s'interroger sur leur relation à l'alcool. L'agence rapporte que sur les 17 931 jeunes de 15 à 19 ans soignés à l'hôpital pour une telle intoxication en 2004 (contre 12 035 en 2000) figurent 40% de jeunes filles qui sont en moyenne plus jeunes que les garçons, tout en précisant par ailleurs que plus de la moitié des jeunes hospitalisés avait un taux d'alcoolémie supérieur à 2 grammes. Soulignant que les jeunes Allemands sont les deuxiè! mes plus gros consommateurs d'alcool en Europe, derrière les jeunes Britanniques, l'agence souligne qu'en Allemagne de nombreuses boîtes de nuit proposent aux jeunes des forfaits permettant une consommation d'alcool à volonté.

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Inhalation de nicotine pure pour arrêter de fumer

Aradigm Corporation Reports Initial Human Data on a Novel Approach to Treatment of Tobacco Smoking Addiction Using its AERx Essence(R) Nicotine Inhaler - Nachrichten
October 25, 2007


Aradigm Corporation (Nachrichten) (OTC BB: ARDM) today presented Phase 1 trial results demonstrating that inhaling water solution of nicotine using Aradigm's AERx Essence palm-size inhaler results in very rapid absorption of nicotine into the blood stream and appears to be associated with acute reduction of craving for cigarettes. Aradigm believes these results provide the foundation for further research with the AERx Essence device as a means toward smoking cessation. These results were made public via a poster presentation by Tunde Otulana, M.D., Aradigm's Chief Medical Officer, at the National Conference on Tobacco or Health underway at the Minneapolis Convention Center.

"Tobacco smoking is a major p! ublic health problem in the United States, as it can lead to cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease. Despite enormous public health efforts and several approved treatments, the majority of smokers who try to quit are unable to give up this addiction," says Adam Wanner, M.D., Professor of Medicine, from the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the University of Miami's Miller School of Medicine. The Aradigm trial results, albeit from an early stage study, point toward the possibility of using pure nicotine, without the other dangerous disease-causing constituents of tobacco smoke, for more effective cessation therapy than the existing treatments."

Aradigm's randomized, open-label, single-site Phase 1 trial evaluated arterial plasma pharmacokinetics and subjective acute cigarette craving when one of three nicotine doses (0.2mg, 0.4mg and 0.7mg) was administered to 18 adult male smokers. Blood levels of nicotine rose m! uch more rapidly following a single-breath inhalation compared! to publ ished data on other approved nicotine delivery systems. Cravings for cigarettes were measured on a scale from 0-10 before and after dosing for up to four hours. Prior to dosing, mean craving scores were 5.5, 5.5 and 5.0, respectively, for the three doses. At five minutes following inhalation of the nicotine solution through the AERx Essence device, craving scores were reduced to 1.3, 1.7 and 1.3, respectively, and did not return to pre-dose baseline during the four hours of monitoring. Nearly all subjects reported an acute reduction in craving or an absence of craving immediately following dosing. No serious adverse reactions were reported in the study.

"Smoking researchers have believed for some time that a pure nicotine' pulmonary inhaler that would produce rapid absorption of nicotine into the blood stream, similar to that obtained from tobacco cigarette smoking, could be an important tool in the effort to reduce tobacco-induced disease," says Neal L. Benowitz, ! M.D., Professor of Medicine, Psychiatry and Biopharmaceutical Sciences and Chief, Division of Clinical Pharmacology at the University of California, San Francisco. Such an inhaler used instead of a cigarette would eliminate exposure to the combustion products that are primarily responsible for disease, and might be an effective smoking cessation treatment. Aradigm's inhaler in this trial appears to yield the desired nicotine pharmacokinetic profile; and the impact on the acute craving for cigarettes is also encouraging."

Aradigm is dedicated to the development of therapies for prevention and treatment of severe respiratory disease," says Igor Gonda, Ph.D., Aradigm's President and CEO. We are encouraged by these clinical findings and we will pursue potential partnerships with industry and other organizations to investigate further the utility of our nicotine inhalation technology to address a major global medical problem that is also very significantly affecting th! e United States.

According to the National Center fo! r Health Statistics (NCHS), 21% of the U.S. population age 18 and above currently smokes cigarettes. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 650 million people worldwide are smokers, which results in a health cost equivalent to $200 billion, $75 billion in the U.S. alone. Further, the NCHS indicates that nicotine dependence is the most common form of chemical dependence in this country. As a result, quitting tobacco use is difficult and oftentimes requires multiple attempts, as users often relapse because of withdrawal symptoms.

Source: Globalink and Nachrichten